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load testing

Virtual users (VUs)

Virtual users are simulated users or clients that execute a test scenario concurrently to create controlled load against an authorized target.

Also known as: VU, concurrent users

Definition

Virtual users are simulated users or clients executing a scenario at the same time. Each VU follows the script, waits, sends requests, and records timings according to the engine configuration.

In Maxoperf

Maxoperf treats VUs as part of the load profile and execution plan. Teams can combine VU counts with request-rate targets, runner counts, and managed or private locations so the test capacity matches the release question.

Common pitfalls

  • Treating VUs as a universal unit across every engine and script. Think time, pacing, and request shape matter.
  • Jumping straight to peak traffic before a baseline run has proven the script and target are healthy.

FAQ

Are virtual users the same as real users?

No. Virtual users simulate chosen journeys. They are useful for repeatable pressure, but they do not capture every browser, network, or human behavior detail.

How many virtual users should a test start with?

Start near a known baseline, then ramp deliberately. A smaller repeatable test is more useful than an oversized profile nobody trusts.